The Chicago Manual of Style § 10.9 gives two ways to incorporate a quotation into a piece of writing: run in (enclosed in quotation marks and integrated into the text) or set off from text (with indented margins but without quotation marks front and back)—what we often refer to as "block quotations."
We all know that shorter quotations should be run in, while longer quotations should be set off. But where is the line between shorter and longer? Different authorities give different answers.
The Bluebook (17th ed.), § 5.1, gives a rigid rule: Quotations of 50 or more words should be set off, while quotations of 49 or fewer words should be run in. In the Redbook § 1.28, Bryan Garner states the same rule. In The Elements of Legal Style § 4.9 (2d ed.), he advises setting off quotations that are more than four lines or 50 words long. (He also advises minimizing the length and use of quotations, but that is another topic.)
The Chicago Manual of Style, however, gives a different rule, and is more flexible about its application. Section 10.10 says that generally, quoted matter that runs to 10 or more typed lines or that involves more than one paragraph should be set off, while shorter quotes are generally run into text. But the Manual counsels writes not to follow this rule blindly:
Before arbitrarily following this rule, however, author (and editor) should consider the nature of the material, the number of quotations, and the appearance of the printed page. Many quotations of varying length—some over ten types lines—may be less distracting to the reader if they are all run in, regardless of length, provided they are skillfully integrated with the text. On the other hand, where quotations are being compared or otherwise used as entities in themselves it is best to set them all off from the text, even quotations of one or two lines. In other words, compared quotations in the text should be typographically comparable.
My own gut feeling: Short block quotations work better than long ones. A long block quotation repels readers because it looks difficult to read. Conversely, a short block quotation attracts readers because it looks easy to read. And typographically, one of the best ways to highlight a snippet of text is frame it with white space. Conversely, the best way to hide a snippet of text is to bury it in a big pile of verbiage. So think about shortening your long quotations and blocking some of your short ones.
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